{"id":2558,"date":"2025-02-18T15:31:31","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T07:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ruianding.com\/blog\/?p=2558"},"modified":"2025-02-18T15:37:31","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T07:37:31","slug":"frp-part-1-introduction-and-server-side-setup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ruianding.com\/blog\/frp-part-1-introduction-and-server-side-setup\/","title":{"rendered":"FRP \u2013 Part 1: Introduction and Server-Side Setup"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In this two-part series, we\u2019ll explore how to use FRP (Fast Reverse Proxy)<\/strong> to securely and efficiently expose local services behind a NAT or firewall to the public internet. In this first part, we\u2019ll focus on what FRP is<\/strong> and how to set up the FRP server (frps)<\/strong> on a machine with a public IP. In Part 2<\/strong>, we\u2019ll cover the client side<\/strong> configuration and how to connect your local services to the server for external access.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

What Is FRP?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

FRP<\/strong> is an open-source, high-performance reverse proxy solution. It\u2019s frequently used to publish \u201cinternal resources\u201d or local services to the internet, bypassing NAT or firewall restrictions. Essentially, if you have a web application, API, or any TCP\/UDP service running in a private network, FRP can tunnel that service through a server in the public cloud, enabling external access without complex network changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Key Advantages of FRP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Simple Deployment<\/strong>: You install frps<\/strong> on a public server and frpc<\/strong> on your local machine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Versatility<\/strong>: Supports various protocols (HTTP, HTTPS, TCP, UDP, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Security<\/strong>: Token-based authentication, TLS options, and more.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Performance<\/strong>: Lightweight and capable of high throughput.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Cross-Platform<\/strong>: Runs on Linux, Windows, macOS, ARM, and more.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    FRP Architecture at a Glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    FRP consists of two main components:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. FRP Server (frps)<\/strong>: Deployed on a publicly reachable host (has a public IP, or at least a forwarded port). It waits for inbound connections from both the external internet and the FRP clients.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. FRP Client (frpc)<\/strong>: Runs on your internal or local machine. It \u201cdials out\u201d to the FRP server, maintaining a secure tunnel. External requests to the server get forwarded back to the local service through this tunnel.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      This architecture lets you easily expose local resources without requiring direct inbound connections to your internal network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n\n

      Setting Up the FRP Server (frps)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      1. Choose a Public Host<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      You\u2019ll need a public-facing machine<\/strong>\u2014this could be a VPS or cloud server (AWS, DigitalOcean, Azure, etc.) with a public IP address. We\u2019ll refer to this machine as your FRP server<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      2. Download FRP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Head over to the official FRP Releases page<\/a> and choose the frp_{version}_linux_amd64.tar.gz<\/strong> file (assuming you\u2019re on a 64-bit Linux host). Replace the version accordingly, for example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      wget https:\/\/github.com\/fatedier\/frp\/releases\/download\/v0.61.1\/frp_0.61.1_linux_amd64.tar.gz\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      3. Unpack and Organize<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Extract the tarball and rename the folder for convenience:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      tar -zxvf frp_0.61.1_linux_amd64.tar.gz\nmv frp_0.61.1_linux_amd64 \/usr\/local\/frp\ncd \/usr\/local\/frp\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      Inside, you should see frps<\/code>, frpc<\/code>, example config files, and other documentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      4. Configure frps with TOML<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Although FRP historically supported INI, it\u2019s now recommended to use TOML, JSON, or YAML. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      Below is an example TOML config named frps.toml<\/code><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      [common]\nbind_port = 7000\n\ndashboard_port = 7500\ndashboard_user = \"admin\"\ndashboard_pwd = \"admin123\"\n\ntoken = \"YOUR_SECRET_TOKEN\"\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • bind_port<\/code> is the port on which frps<\/strong> listens for connections from FRP clients.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • dashboard_port<\/code>, dashboard_user<\/code>, and dashboard_pwd<\/code> enable a web UI to monitor FRP activity at http:\/\/SERVER_IP:7500<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • token<\/code> is a secret key to authenticate incoming connections from frpc<\/strong>. You must use the same token on the client side.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        Save this file as \/usr\/local\/frp\/frps.toml<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        5. Test the Server Manually<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        Run frps<\/strong> directly to ensure it starts without errors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        .\/frps -c frps.toml<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        If successful, you\u2019ll see logs such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        Press Ctrl + C<\/code> to stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        Running frps as a System Service<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        To ensure frps<\/strong> automatically restarts on reboot, we\u2019ll use systemd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        1. Create a Service File<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/frps.service<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        Paste in the following<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [Unit]\nDescription=FRP Server (frps) Service\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=simple\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/frp\/frps -c \/usr\/local\/frp\/frps.toml\nRestart=on-failure\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        2. Enable and Start<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sudo systemctl daemon-reload\nsudo systemctl enable frps\nsudo systemctl start frps<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        3. Verify<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sudo systemctl status frps<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        If it shows active (running)<\/code>, frps is now running in the background.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        Firewall & Security Group Rules<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        If you\u2019re using a cloud provider, ensure TCP:7000<\/strong> and TCP:7500<\/strong> (for the dashboard) are allowed in your security group<\/strong>. Also, if you\u2019re running a local firewall (e.g., ufw<\/code>, firewalld<\/code>), open those ports as well:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        Ubuntu\/Debian (ufw)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sudo ufw allow 7000\/tcp\nsudo ufw allow 7500\/tcp<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        CentOS\/RHEL (firewalld)<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=7000\/tcp --permanent\nsudo firewall-cmd --add-port=7500\/tcp --permanent\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        Monitoring the FRP Dashboard<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        With dashboard_port<\/code> configured, you can visit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        http:\/\/SERVER_PUBLIC_IP:7500\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        Login using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Username<\/strong>: admin<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Password<\/strong>: admin123<\/code>
          (or whatever you set in frps.toml<\/code>). You\u2019ll see details like connected clients, proxies, and traffic stats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          Performance Considerations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          One common question is whether FRP\u2019s speed depends on the server\u2019s bandwidth<\/strong>. In short, yes<\/strong>. When you use FRP to expose a local service:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. Traffic flows from your local machine to the FRP server<\/strong>, and then<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. From the FRP server to the end user (or in reverse)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            Because all data is relayed through the FRP server<\/strong>, the throughput is directly influenced by the server\u2019s network capacity<\/strong> (and of course, your local network as well). If your server is on a slow connection or limited bandwidth, the maximum throughput will be restricted even if you have fast internet at home. Similarly, if your local upload bandwidth is small, that also becomes a bottleneck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            Key Factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Server Bandwidth<\/strong>: A low or congested network on your VPS\/cloud server will limit overall speeds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Server Performance<\/strong>: CPU\/memory constraints can become a bottleneck under heavy loads.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Local Network<\/strong>: If your home or office upload bandwidth is small, your traffic can\u2019t exceed that limit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Routing & Latency<\/strong>: Geographical distance and ISP routing can affect transfer speeds and latency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              In other words, the slowest or most congested link<\/strong> between your local machine and the FRP server (and onward to the requesting client) will dictate the maximum speed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              What\u2019s Next?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              You\u2019ve successfully installed the FRP server (frps)<\/strong> on your public host. In Part 2<\/strong>, we\u2019ll set up the FRP client (frpc)<\/strong> on your local machine. By using the same token<\/code> and specifying the server_addr<\/code>\/server_port<\/code> you just configured, you\u2019ll be able to tunnel your private services through the FRP server and make them accessible from the internet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              In this two-part series, we\u2019ll explore how to use FRP (Fast Reverse Proxy) to securely and efficiently expose local services behind a NAT or firewall to the public internet. In this first part, we\u2019ll focus on what FRP is and how to set up the FRP server (frps) on a machine with a public IP. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-miscellaneous"],"yoast_head":"\nFRP \u2013 Part 1: Introduction and Server-Side Setup - \u6781\u7b80IT\uff5cSimpleIT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ruianding.com\/blog\/frp-part-1-introduction-and-server-side-setup\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FRP \u2013 Part 1: Introduction and Server-Side Setup - \u6781\u7b80IT\uff5cSimpleIT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this two-part series, we\u2019ll explore how to use FRP (Fast Reverse Proxy) to securely and efficiently expose local services behind a NAT or firewall to the public internet. 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In this first part, we\u2019ll focus on what FRP is and how to set up the FRP server (frps) on a machine with a public IP. 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